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HEALTH TIPS PAGE

BASIC'S OF FIRST AID
    First Aid

  • First aid refers to the emergency or immediate care you should provide when a person is injured or ill until full medical treatment is available. For minor conditions, first aid care may be enough. For serious problems, first aid care should be continued until more advanced care becomes available.

    The decision to act appropriately with first aid can mean the difference between life and death. Begin by introducing yourself to the injured or ill person. Explain that you are a first aid provider and are willing to help. The person must give you permission to help them; do not touch them until they agree to be helped. If you encounter a confused person or someone who is critically injured or ill, you can assume that they would want you to help them. This is known as “implied consent.

    • First Aid Basics

  • The first step in any emergency is the recognition of the problem and providing help. When in doubt or when someone is seriously injured or ill, you should always activate the emergency response system by calling 911 or your city’s Emergency Medical Services (EMS) number. If you’re not sure how serious the situation is, the 911/EMS operator will ask you a series of questions to determine the severity of the situation.

    Remain on the line until additional help arrives, or until the 911/EMS operator tells you to hang up. Emergency system dispatchers can guide you through the steps of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), using an automated external defibrillator (AED), or delivering basic care until additional help arrives if there are available. In the Philippines, it is really rare to find this device outside the hospital so it is important to learn how to do CPR.

    Whether you are at home, work, or school, know where the first aid kit and the AED are kept and be familiar with their contents. Know how to activate the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in your area. Be aware of any policies in the workplace regarding medical emergencies.

    After determining the problem, the next step in providing help is to determine the responsiveness of the injured or ill person. The best way to determine this is to tap the person and talk loudly to them: “Are you okay?” (“Ayos ka lang ba?”) After determining responsiveness, yell for help. Look for any medical identifications, such as a necklace or a bracelet (if any). This may provide a valuable clue to the cause of the situation (example if the patient is diabetic).

    • Scene Safety

  • Assessing the safety of the surroundings is critical when approaching any scene. You do not want to become another person who is injured or ill, so look for any potential dangers. Remove the person from any dangers, such as the presence of water at the scene. Be especially alert to avoid danger from automobile traffic.

    • Handwashing and personal protective gear

  • Handwashing is essential in the prevention of disease and illness. Wash your hands after each episode of care and after taking off gloves. When a sink is not available, use hand sanitizers. (Most hand sanitizers are alcohol-based and are a substitute for handwashing when needed.)

    Proper handwashing technique is fairly simple:
    • Completely wet your hands and generously apply soap.
    • Rub vigorously for at least 20 seconds (Figure1).
    • Rinse your hands with plenty of running water.
    • Dry your hands with a towel or air dryer.

  • Using personal protective gear is an important strategy to minimize the risk of blood and bodily fluid exposure. If the person is bleeding, always wear gloves and protective eyewear when giving first aid care. The universal precaution is to use personal protective equipment whenever there is possible exposure to blood or bodily fluids; it reduces the risk for both the rescuer and the injured/ill person to be exposed to a blood-borne disease. Gloves protect your hands from exposure to blood and other bodily fluids, while eye protection prevents accidental exposure from splashing fluids.

    Consider a pocket mask as part of your personal protective gear as it provides safety during rescue breathing. Be sure to dispose of all equipment that has touched bodily fluids in a biohazard bag when available.

  • When taking off the gloves, avoid touching the outer contaminated surface. Slowly pull one glove off while turning it inside out (Figure A). Place the glove in the palm of the other gloved hand (Figure B), and then remove the second glove while turning it inside out (Figure C).
    • First Aid Kit

  • Consider purchasing a commercially available first aid kit or making your own. Having a kit in your home, your car, and at your place of work is essential to stay prepared.

    • Common items found in a first aid kit are:
  • Bandages, roller bandages, and tape
  • Sterile gauze
  • Antiseptic wipes and swabs
  • Absorbent compresses
  • Antibiotic cream
  • Burn ointment
  • Mask for breathing (rescue breathing/CPR)
  • Chemical cold pack
  • Eyeshield and eyewash
  • First aid reference guide that includes local phone numbers
    • Reference:
    National Health Care Provider Solutions (NHCPS) (2022) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, AED and First Aid
    St. James Hospital, Inc. offers training for Basic Life Support and Advance Cardiac Life support. For inquiry kindly email sjhisupervisor@gmail.com or call/text +639338139899 for training inquiries. Thank you.
MONKEYPOX
  • The Department of Health (DOH) had conducted a webinar regarding Monkeypox a disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It is a viral zoonotic disease, meaning that it can spread from animals to humans. It can also spread between people.
    • Guidelines:
  • Monkeypox shall be classified as a Notifiable disease
  • All primary care providers, clinicians, public health authorities, point of entry, and institutions/offices shall notify the DOH of any suspect, probable, or confirmed case within 24 hours of detection;
  • Reporting of cases or contacts shall utilize the Case Investigation Form (CIF)
  • Case investigation shall focus on:
  • Exposure investigation (back tracing) within 21 days prior to symptom onset;
  • Characterization of clinical presentation; and Tracing and profiling of identified contacts.
  • Contacts shall be quarantined and closely monitored at least a period of 21 days from the last contact with a patient or their contaminated materials during the infectious period.
  • Contacts shall be quarantined and closely monitored at least a period of 21 days from the last contact with a patient or their contaminated materials during the infectious period.
    • Appearance of lesions
    Suspected Case
  • A person of any age presenting with an unexplained acute rash abd one or more of the following signs and symptoms:
    • Headache;
    • Acute onset of fever (>38.5 C)
    • Myalgia;
    • Back Pain;
    • Asthenia
    • Lymphadenopathy; and For which the following common causes of acute rash do not explain the clinical picture: varicella zoster, herpes zoster, measles, herpes simplex, bactelial skin infections, disseminated gonococcal infection, primary or secondary syphilliis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma inguinale, molluscum contagiosum, allergic reaction (e.g. to plants); and any other locally relevant common causes of papular or vesicular rash.
    To know more about Monkeypox, watch the lecture of one of our Infectious Disease Specialist, Dr. Joseph Adrian Buensalido.

    Dr. Joseph Adrian Buensalido Monkeypox is a viral zoonosis (a virus transmitted to humans from animals) with symptoms...

    Posted by St. James Hospital, Inc. on Monday, July 25, 2022
DENGUE
  • Ang dengue ay isang sakit na dulot ng lamok, partikular ang Aedes aegypti. Ang ilang kaso ng dengue ay maaaring walang sintomas, ngunit kadalasan, ang mga unang sintomas tulad ng mataas na antas ng lagnat, pananakit ng kasukasuan, at mga pantal ay pareho para sa karamihan ng mga pasyente. Ang dengue ay pinakakaraniwan sa mga sub-tropikal at tropikal na bansa tulad ng Pilipinas kung saan ang dengue ay itinuturing na endemic sa lahat ng rehiyon nito. Habang ang karamihan sa mga pasyente ng dengue ay gumagaling nang walang anumang malubhang komplikasyon, ang isang mas malubhang anyo ng dengue, na kilala rin bilang dengue shock syndrome (DSS) o dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), ay maaaring humantong sa shock at maging ng kamatayan. Walang kasalukuyang lunas para sa dengue ngunit ito ay maiiwasan sa pamamagitan ng epektibong vector control initiatives at tamang sanitasyon sa iyong sariling tahanan.
  • Ano ang Sintomas ng Dengue?
    Ang pinakakaraniwang sintomas ay lagnat at isa o higit pa sa mga sumusunod:
  • - Sakit ng ulo
  • - Sakit sa mata (kadalasan sa likod ng mata)
  • - Sakit ng kalamnan, kasukasuan, o buto
  • - Rash
  • - Pagduduwal at pagsusuka
    • Narito ang ilang madaling paraan upang maiwasan ang mga lamok na gumawa ng tahanan sa labas ng iyong bahay at mga tips upang mapahusay ang iyong proteksyon laban sa dengue.

    1. 1. Takpan at palaging linisin ang mga lalagyan ng tubig. Ang mga karaniwang gamit sa bahay tulad ng mga lalagyan ng tubig para sa mga alagang hayop, mga pinggan sa pagtatanim, at mga plorera ng bulaklak ay maaaring magsilbing lugar ng pag-dami dahil ang mga lamok ay gustong nangingitlog sa nakaimbak na tubig.

    2. 2. Panatilihing malinis at maayos ang iyong bahay. Iwasang mag-iwan ng basura sa loob at labas ng bahay na posibleng paglagyan ng mga lamok at mga itlog nito gaya ng mga lumang gulong at iba pang lalagyang may tubig sa loob.

    3. 3. Magsuot ng pamprotektang damit tulad ng mahabang manggas at pantalon sa loob at labas ng bahay lalo na kung alam mong may dengue outbreak sa iyong lugar.

    4. 4. Mamuhunan sa isang kulambo para maprotektahan ka laban sa kagat ng insekto kapag natutulog ka. Siguraduhin na walang mga butas upang makakuha ng maximum na proteksyon.

    5. 5. Isaalang-alang ang paglalagay ng mga screen sa iyong mga bintana at pintuan upang maiwasan ang pagpasok ng mga lamok sa iyong tahanan.

    6. 6. Bumili ng mga insecticides na mabisa laban sa lamok at ligtas na gamitin sa loob ng iyong tahanan. Ang paggamit ng mga ito ay maaaring makatulong ngunit gamitin nang may pag-iingat at iwasang maabot ng mga bata.

    7. 7. Itapon ng maayos ang basura. Kung maaari, gumamit ng mga saradong basurahan at itapon ang iyong basura nang regular. Ang paghihiwalay ng iyong basura ay maaaring makatulong para maiwasan ang pagpasok ng mga insekto iyong sambahayan.

    8. 8. Patuyuin at linisin ang iyong mga gutter sa bubong upang maiwasan ang pag-ipon ng tubig. Gawin din ito sa mga pool, fountain, at bathtub (Kung meron).

    9. 9. Maglagay ng mosquito repellent sa buong katawan mo—lalo na sa tag-ulan o kung alam mong malalantad ka sa mga insekto. Kumunsulta muna sa doktor bago gumamit ng anumang uri ng produkto sa mga bata.

    10. 10. Bagama't ang dengue ay hindi kumakalat mula sa tao patungo sa tao, ang mga lamok ay maaaring mahawa pagkatapos nitong makagat ng taong may dengue fever. Kaya maaring makahawa ang lamok na carrier ng dengue sa loob ng iyong sambahayan.

    Sana nakatulong ito para sa inyo. Kung sa tingin nyo na maaring meron kayong sintomas ng dengue, huwag magatubili na pumunta sa St. James Hospital, Inc. para magpakonsulta. Dahil dito sa St. James Hospital, Inc. Safe kayo!
    References:
    Center for Disease Control. (n.d.), Avoid Dengue by Preventing Mosquito Bites Unilab. (n.d.). 10 Tips to Avoid Dengue at Home.
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE TIPS!
    Paano Maiiwasan ang Altapresyon?
  • Ang pagiwas sa altapresyon or high blood pressure ay makakatulong para maiwasan ang sakit sa puso at stroke. Gawin ang mga sumusunod:
    1. 1. Kumain ng masustansya at wastong pagkain.
    2. 2. Panatilihin ang sarili sa normal na timbang.
    3. 3. Maging aktibo, ugaliing mag-ehersisyo.
    4. 4. Huwag maninigarilyo.
    5. 5. Bawasan ang paginom ng alak or iwasan ito.
    6. 6. Matulog ng wastong oras.
    Makakatulong ang mga nabangit para maiwasan ang altapresyon. Ikaw ba ay nangangamba na maaring meron ka ng altapresyon? Kumunsulta lamang sa aming mga doktor para ikaw ay gabayan.
    References:
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.) Prevent High Blood Pressure
BREAST FEEDING POLICY
    Breastfeeding Advantages
  • - Best for babies (Pinakamabuti para sa bata)
  • - Reduce the incidence of allergy (Ligtas o nababawasan ang karamdaman tulad ng hika o sakit sa balat)
  • - Economical (Nakakatipid, hindi na bibili)
  • - Antibiotics, great immunity to some infectious disease (May mga natatanging sangkap tulad ng antibiotiko para di makakuha ng mga nakakahawang sakit)
  • - Stool inoffensive, hardly ever constipated (Hindi malansa o sobrang baho ng dumi at hindi nakakatigas ng dumi)
  • - Temperature always ideal (Laging tama ang temperature para sa bata)
  • - Fresh milk (Napapanatili ang pagiging bago o sariwa ng gatas)
  • - Emotional bonding (Pinaglalapit ang damdamin ng bata at ng ina)
  • - Easily established (Laging meron basta tuloy-tuloy ang pag-suso kay baby)
  • - Digested easily within 2-3 hours (Madaling matunaw, sa loob lamang ng 2-3 oras)
  • - Immediately available and no mixing required (Palaging meron ano mang oras kailangan at hindi kailangang timplahin.)
  • - Nutritionally optimal (Sapat at tama ang sustansya para kay baby)
  • - Gastroenteritis is greatly reduced (Nababawasan o naiiwasan ang mga sakit sa tiyan, pagtatae, kabag, at iba pa.)
Bottlefeeding Disadvantages
  • A dded Expenses
  • R isk for diarrhea and loss of fluids
  • T akes time and effort
  • I t may compromise your baby’s immune system.
  • F ormula milk is not as nutritious as breast milk.
  • I t affects the mother-baby bonding.
  • C an be inconvenient (bottle feeding).
  • I t can’t promote the positive, long-term health effects breast milk does.
  • A rtificial milk does not have immunity-boosting qualities
  • L ipid or fat and cell composition is not change in artificial milk unlike in breastmilk
    • References:
    https://www.unicef.org/newsline/tenstps.htm https://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/BFHI_2009_s3.1and2.pdf http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/pdfs/bc_participants_manual.pdf https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/breastfeeding-and-covid-19 Lactation Management Training and Enhancement Program Powerpoint Presentation from Provincial Health Office
    COVID 19 TIPS AND REMINDERS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY:
    • Wash your hands frequently, wash your hands atleast 20 seconds.
    • Practice social distancing . Stay 6 feet from others.
    • Cover your mouth . Cover your mouth when sneezing and coughing.
    • Always wear a facemask.
    • Monitor your health daily . Watch for the following symptoms like fever, cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, colds, headach and body pain)
    • Avoid crowds and poorly ventilated indoor spaces.
    • Watch what you touch. It's always important to follow health best practice. Avoid touching your nose, mouth, and eyes.
    • Frequently clean and disinfect touched objects and surfaces.
    • See a doctor if you are unwell. Call before visiting your doctor.
    • Get vaccinated.
    UPDATED ISOLATION PROTOCOL
    QUARANTINE VACCINATION STATUS GENERAL PUBLIC
    Asymptomatic confirmed case Fully vaccinated At least 7 days from positive test
    Partially/ Unvaccinated At least 10 days from positive test
    Symptomatic suspect, probable or confirmed case with Mild symptoms Fully vaccinated 7 days from onset of symptoms
    Partially vaccinated/ Unvaccinated Atleast 10 days from onset of symptoms
    Symptomatic suspect, probable or confirmed case with Moderate symptoms Regardless of vaccination status Atleast 10 days from onset of symptoms
    Symptomatic suspect, probable or confirmed case with Severe symptoms Regardless of vaccination status Atleast 21 days from onset of symptoms
    Note: Please isolate when symptoms is detected and report to Barangay Health Emergency response Team (BHERT).
    VACCINATION:
    RECOMMENDED BOOSTER DOSE COMBINATION
    PRIMARY VACCINATION HOMOLOGOUS BOOSTER HETEROLOGOUS BOOSTER
    SINOVAC SINOVAC ASTRAZENECA, PFIZER, MODERNA
    ASTRAZENECCA ASTRAZENECA PFIZER, MODERNA
    PFIZER PFIZER ASTRAZENECA, MODERNA
    JANSSEN ASTRAZENECA, PFIZER, MODERNA
    RECOMMENDED INTERVAL BETWEEN TWO VACCINE DOSES (ADULT)
    BRAND INTERVAL BETWEEN DOSES BOOSTER INTERVAL
    ASTRAZENECA 4-12 WEEKS, 2 DOSES 3 MONTHS (FIRST BOOSTER) 4 MONTHS (SECOND BOOSTER)
    MODERNA 28 DAYS, 2 DOSES
    PFIZER 21 DAYS, 2 DOSES
    NOVOVAX 21 DAYS, 2 DOSES
    SPUTNIK V 3 WEEKS, 2 DOSES
    SINOVAC 28 DAYS, 2 DOSES
    RECOMMENDED INTERVAL BETWEEN TWO VACCINE DOSES (PEDIA)
    BRAND INTERVAL BETWEEN DOSES BOOSTER INTERVAL
    PFIZER (AGE 5-11) 21 DAYS, 2 DOSES N/A
    PFIZER (AGE 12-17) 21 DAYS, 2 DOSES 5 MONTHS
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